Do you need a handrail on both sides of a staircase?

Edited by: View Mate All Glass Railing

The requirement for handrails on both sides of a staircase depends on your local building code, which is based on national standards. The general rule is as follows: yes, most residential stairs require a handrail on at least one side, but two handrails are mandatory for stairs exceeding a certain width.

1.Here is a breakdown based on the widely adopted International Residential Code (IRC):

（1）For Standard Residential Stairs (e.g., inside a home)
- One Side Minimum: Stairs with four or more risers (three or more steps) must have at least one handrail.
- Both Sides Required: A handrail is required on both sides if the stairway is 44 inches (approx. 111.8 cm) or wider. For stairs less than 44 inches wide, one handrail complies with the code, typically installed on the “open” side or the right side when ascending.

2.For Commercial or Public Stairs (IBC)
Both sides are almost always required, and the rules are stricter.

（1）Key Safety and Practical Considerations
Even if your code only requires one handrail, installing handrails on both sides is a significant safety improvement and is highly recommended, especially in the following situations:
- Homes with children, elderly residents, or anyone with mobility issues.
- Wide staircases where a user might be in the middle of the steps.
- Spiral or curved staircases.
- To provide stability and balance when ascending or descending.

（2） Other Critical Handrail Code Points
- Height: Typically 34 to 38 inches (86.4 to 96.5 cm), measured vertically from the stair nosing.
- Grippability: Must be continuously graspable along its length (specific shape and size requirements apply).
- Continuity: Must be continuous for the full length of the flight of stairs.

3.The Final Answer
Check your local building code (city/county) for the exact, legally binding requirements, as amendments can vary.
For maximum safety and to future – proof your staircase, install a graspable handrail on both sides regardless of the minimum code requirements. This is considered a best practice by safety professionals and can be a valuable feature when reselling the property.
To get a definitive answer for your specific project, contact your local building